| The MUSE project
(Multigrade School Education) aims at the development
of an in service training programme designed to meet the specialized
educational needs of multigrade schoolteachers. The main goal
is to provide continuous support to multigrade teachers in
order to improve their educational performance in multigrade
school environment.
The training is based on the implementation
of methodological approach of teaching specifically targeted
for multigrade classroom and on the use of ICT applications
so as to provide:
• An in-service training programme for teachers
of multigrade schools.
• The use of the Internet in order to develop a platform
for training, collaboration, networking and exchanging of
ideas between teachers, students and trainers.
The development of the proposed training
program is based on the adoption of a teacher centred
approach. The implementation of the training program includes
two cycles of school centred work. Teachers will continuously
give feedback to the academic team about their experiences
gained in the classroom. This will not only increase
the motivation of the teachers, and give weight to their practical
experiences, but also provide the necessary cross-links between
theory and practice. Upon suggestions of the teachers, the
academic team will perform the necessary adjustments to the
proposed didactical approach.
The training curriculum includes three main
parts:
a) Methodological approaches for
multigrade teaching
Usually, educational training institutions and pedagogical
university departments train teachers to be professionally
prepared to handle single grade classrooms with students that
have more or less similar educational needs. Attention to
multigrade teaching in the majority of the cases is not paid
at all despite the fact that a significant percentage of teachers
, mostly in the beginning of their career have to deal with
multigrade classrooms. This is the main subject of the MUSE
project, to assist teacher professionals to be able to work
effectively in the multigrade school environment and be trained
on teaching in the different ways referring to the multigrade
classroom. For children to learn effectively in multigrade
environments, teachers need to be well-trained, well-resourced
and hold positive attitudes to multigrade teaching. Multigrade
teaching in many views represents a more demanding teaching
situation and special attention should be given to it. However,
many teachers in multigrade environments are untrained have
few, teaching and learning resources; and regard the multigrade
classroom as a poor cousin of the better-resourced monograde
classroom found in large, urban schools that are staffed by
trained teachers. In addition, at the majority of the cases,
the multigrade teachers are very young without significant
experience, "chosen" by the state to teach at the
specific rural areas. These teachers are left alone without
resources and support to handle the demanding multigrade classes.
The former has serious negative impact on teachers' psychology
and attitude towards the multigrade class, and affects in
a negative way their teaching performance. The project aims
at providing assistance to teachers in multigrade schools
by training them on how to organise their teaching in the
complex multigrade classrooms, on how to organise their classroom,
utilise school resources and spend teaching time productively
by combining educational curricula or implementing specialised
teaching strategies.
b) Introduction to the use of ICT
The MUSE Project is based heavily on ICT, acknowledging that
the introduction of ICT promises revolutionary changes in
any field of life, but is of specific importance for remote
and geographically isolated areas. In this sense, ICT in multigrade
schools is expected to offer to teachers and pupils, as well
as to other groups or individuals who will be involved in
the project accessibility to information, no matter the area's
size, geographic characteristics and the distance from the
centre.
In the MUSE project, the introduction of ICT in multigrade
schools is based on the following principles:
The use of advanced communication channels focusing on providing
a high quality continuous training programme to the multigrade
schoolteachers. This is based on an innovative methodological
approach that includes the use of the Internet in order to
develop a platform for training, collaboration, networking
and exchanging of ideas between teachers, students and trainers.
The use of ICT also focusing on (a) upgrading quality of multigrade
teaching, (b) supporting students learning and (c) fostering
social development of the local community.
Specific emphasis is also given in the development, through
ICT, of "technological culture" that is believed
to upgrade the educational system in general, also providing
valuable knowledge on using modern technologies in real life
situations.
The implementation of the proposed project
will be done using distant learning techniques and taking
full advantage of all capabilities the web offers.
A web platform will be developed in order to support the teachers
training programme. Teachers will be able to attend on-line
asynchronous and synchronous seminars concerning the implementation
of the programme. Training material, contributions of the
trainees, questions and answers will be constantly uploaded
at the project's web platform. In relation to the use of ICT,
the MUSE project represents a paradigm of distance education
scheme that aims at utilising the advantages of open and distance
learning (ODL) instruments and techniques in order to provide:
o Quality in service training to multigrade schoolteachers.
o Professional support to multigrade educators.
o Support of pupils learning activities
o Lifelong learning opportunities to the local community
The training scheme has the objective to familiarize teachers
with the use of ICT assisting their work in the multigrade
classroom. ODL cannot be seen as a substitute of the conventional
teaching but rather as a distributed learning environment,
an add-on that has to justify its implementation in the school
curriculum through the qualitative upgrade it offers to everyday
school practice.
c) Cross-curricula applications and projects.
In this part of the training programme the teachers are going
to be familiarized with the use of educational software for
designing, implementing and evaluating its use in real teaching
conditions. In this phase the teachers will try to combine
the knowledge gained in the two former training phases and
will try to utilise new technologies in order to be more flexible
as they try to use multigrade teaching methodologies and practices.
Educational software and other relevant material can provide
solutions as it is applied as multi curricula, multidisciplinary
paradigms of good practice. The important issue that arises
now is that the teacher must be able to choose material, design
activities and evaluate the usefulness of these paradigms.
Teachers in this stage are going to be trained to be able
to act as facilitators of the pre mentioned concepts and utilise
the potential of ICT for good multigrade classroom practice
Adoptions of existing educational material as well as the
design of first case studies for the classroom implementation
are predicted in this stage.
The major innovation that MUSE project
introduces is that it develops a specialized training program
for multigrade primary school teachers using ICT and ODL techniques.
The use of these technologically advanced software and communication
tools allows both, educator's in-service training
and implementation in school to evolve in parallel.
In-service training participants will influence the planning
of the implementation in school and vice-versa, results from
the implementation in school will affect the planning of the
in-service training. In this way trainees will have the opportunity
of an on-field experience and on the other hand the development
of the pedagogical framework for ICT implementation in school
practice will be the outcome of the collective work of a much
wider group.
The training programme is developed by educational and academic
institutions specialized in teachers' professional training
and the same institutions are going to supervise and guide
the implementation of the programme in each of the participating
multigrade schools. Under such circumstances, the implementation
of a project like MUSE may be considered as a multidimensional
case for studying the contribution of ODL in professional
training and educational schemes. In this sense, the evaluation
of the project's results with respect to the effectiveness
of ODL could be used in support of implementing open and distance
teachers' training programmes not only in remote places but
in urban areas as well.
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